Ina rongo ngā kaihoko mō ngā "puna kaukau ritenga," he tokomaha e whakaaro ana ka taea e rātou te whiriwhiri i tētahi rahi, i tētahi āhua rānei, kāore he herenga. Ahakoa e taea ai te whakarite i ngā momo hoahoa, ko te pono kāore e taea te hanga i ngā puna kaukau ki tētahi rahi tino nui—ina koa mō ngā tauira kiriaku, muka karāhe rānei kua oti te hanga kua whakaarohia hei kaweake. Ko tētahi o ngā here nui rawa atu ko ngā mahi kawe waka, inā koa ko ngā rahi o ngā ipu tuku kaipuke paerewa.
Mō ngā tuku ki tāwāhi, me uru te nuinga o ngā puna kaukau ki roto i tētahi ipu 20-putu, 40-putu rānei. Ko te whānui o roto o tētahi ipu he tata ki te 2.35 mita, ā, ko te teitei o roto he tata ki te 2.65 mita. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, ahakoa kei te kaihanga te hangarau hei hanga i tētahi puna kaukau whānui atu i te 2.4 mita, ka tino uaua te kawe i taua puna kaukau ki tāwāhi kia kotahi te wāhanga. Ka taea te kawe i ngā mea nunui rawa atu, engari me whai ipu papatahi motuhake, utu utanga teitei ake, me te whakahaere uaua ake i ngā tauranga, ka nui ake te utu.
Ko tētahi atu āhuatanga ko te pumau o te hanganga. Tērā pea ka pāngia ngā puna kaukau kotahi-wahi tino nui e te ahotea, te piko rānei i te wā e hiki ana, e utaina ana, e kawe ana hoki i tawhiti. Me hoahoa e ngā kaihanga he whakapakari kia kore ai te puna kaukau e piko i mua i te tāutanga. Hei tāpiri, me whai whakaaro ki ngā āhuatanga o te wāhi tāutanga. Tērā pea ka pāngia tonutia te puna kaukau e uru ana ki roto i te ipu e ngā wero pērā i ngā rori whaiti, ngā kerēne mō te tango i ngā mea, te iti rānei o te wāhi o muri.
Mai i te tirohanga a te kaiwhakamahi, he pai ake te whakataurite i te rahi e hiahiatia ana me ngā whakaritenga kawe me te tāutanga. He maha ngā kaiwhakarato e tuku ana i ngā tauira rongonui e whakanui ana i te wāhi kaukau e taea ana te whakamahi, me te noho tonu i roto i ngā rahi e pai ana mō ngā ipu. Mō ngā kiritaki e hiahia ana ki tētahi puna kaukau nui rawa atu, ka taea te tūhura i ngā hoahoa modular, te huihuinga rānei i te papaanga hei huarahi kē atu.
I roto i ngā kupu poto, he tino ngāwari ngā puna kaukau kua whakaritea, engari kāore e taea te kī he "rahi katoa". Me whai whakaaro ngā kaihanga me ngā kaihoko ki ngā rahi o ngā ipu, ngā utu kawe, te haumaru hanganga, me ngā āhuatanga tāutanga. Mā te mārama ki ēnei āhuatanga ka kore te moemoeā mō tētahi puna kaukau kua whakaritea e waiho hei raruraru nui mō te whakahaere.