Ukuthutha nokufaka idama lokudada elikhulu yinkqubo enzima efuna ucwangciso olucokisekileyo, izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, kunye neengcali ezinobuchule. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwedama lokudada (umz., ikhonkrithi, i-fiberglass, okanye i-vinyl liner), iindlela zokuthutha kunye nokufakela ziya kwahluka. Ngezantsi, siza kugxila kwinkqubo eqhelekileyo yokuthutha nokufaka amadama amakhulu, ngakumbi i-fiberglass kunye namadama ekhonkrithi, ezizezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo.
1. Uhlobo lwedama lokudada kunye nokulungiselela kwangaphambili ukufakwa
Ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe ukufakwa kwechibi, kubalulekile ukuba ukhethe uhlobo lwechibi olifunayo—i-fiberglass okanye ikhonkrithi, njengoko nganye ineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokuthuthwa nokufakelwa. Iichibi ze-fiberglass, umzekelo, zenziwe kwangaphambili kwaye zithunyelwa ngaxeshanye, ngelixa iichibi zekhonkrithi zakhiwa kwindawo leyo.
Kwiidama zefiberglass, inyathelo lokuqala kukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo ikulungele ukufakwa. Inkqubo yokumba ibandakanya ukumba umngxuma ohambelana ngokugqibeleleyo nobukhulu kunye nokuma kwegobolondo lefiberglass elenziwe kwangaphambili. Oku kufuna ukuchaneka, njengoko idama kufuneka lingene kakuhle kwindawo elungisiweyo.
Kwiidama zesamente, le nkqubo ifuna umsebenzi omninzi. Idama lenziwa ukusuka emhlabeni ukuya phezulu, liqala ngokugrumba, lilandelwe kukufakelwa kwentsimbi yokuqinisa, imibhobho, kunye neenkqubo zombane ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe i-gunite okanye i-shotcrete.
2. Ukuthutha ichibi
Xa sele kugqitywe ngohlobo lwedama lokuqubha, uthutho luza kuba ngumceli mngeni olandelayo. Amadama okuqubha e-fiberglass ahanjiswa njengeyunithi enye, eyenziwe kwangaphambili, enobunzima beetoni ezininzi. Ahlala ethuthwa ngeelori ezinkulu ezinebhedi ethe tyaba okanye iitreyila ezikhethekileyo, ezidla ngokufuna imvume yemithwalo emikhulu, ingakumbi ukuba idama lokuqubha likhulu kakhulu okanye ukuba indlela yokuhambisa inemiqathango (njengezitrato ezincinci okanye iibhulorho).
Kwelinye icala, amachibi ekhonkrithi awadingi kuthuthwa kwesakhiwo esinye, njengoko akhiwe kwindawo leyo. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezifana nentsimbi yokulungisa, isamente, kunye nezinye izinto zokwakha kufuneka zithuthwe ziye kwindawo leyo, zidla ngokufuna iilori ezinzima kunye neekhreyini ukuze ziphathe izinto ezininzi.
3. Ufakelo
Kwiidama zefiberglass, xa idama lifikile, inkqubo yokufakela ingaqaliswa. Igobolondo ledama lifakwa ngononophelo emngxunyeni ombiweyo kusetyenziswa i-crane okanye oomatshini abanzima. Nje ukuba libekwe, idama liyalingana, kwaye kuzaliswa isanti okanye igrabile ejikeleze idama. Emva koko kwenziwa uqhagamshelo lwemibhobho kunye nombane ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokucoca kunye nokufudumeza idama ziyasebenza. Ekugqibeleni, kongezwa iidekhi kunye nokuhlobisa umhlaba ukuze kugqitywe indawo yedama.
Kwimeko yamachibi ekhonkrithi, inkqubo yokufakela ibandakanya ukwakha ichibi ngokwamanqanaba. Emva kokumba, kuhlanganiswa isakhelo sentsimbi kwaye kuqiniswe nge-rebar. Emva koko, ichibi lifafazwa nge-shotcrete okanye i-gunite, okwenza isiseko sechibi. Nje ukuba ikhonkrithi icocwe, umphezulu ugqitywa nge-plaster, iithayile, okanye ezinye izinto, kwaye kwenziwa uqhagamshelo lwemibhobho kunye nombane. Le nkqubo inokuthatha iinyanga ezininzi ukugqitywa ngenxa yesidingo sexesha lokucocwa kunye nezinye izinto.
4. Uhlolo lokugqibela kunye novavanyo
Emva kokuba ichibi lifakiwe, kwenziwa uhlolo lokugqibela ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ihambelana nemithetho. Oku kuquka ukujonga ukuvuza, ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokucoca iyasebenza, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba kukho amanyathelo okhuseleko asebenzayo, njengezigqubuthelo zechibi okanye ucingo.
Nje ukuba yonke into iqinisekisiwe ukuba isebenza kakuhle, ichibi lizaliswa ngamanzi, kwaye ulungele ukonwabela i-oasis yakho entsha yangaphandle.
Ukuthutha nokufaka idama lokudada elikhulu kufuna ulungelelwaniso, izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, kunye nobuchule bobuchwephesha. Nokuba ukhetha idama le-fiberglass okanye le-concrete, inkqubo ibandakanya ukulungiswa, ukuthuthwa, kunye nokufakelwa ngononophelo. Ngokulandela iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo kunye nokusebenza neengcali ezinamava, unokuqinisekisa ukufakwa kwedama lokudada okubushelelezi nokuphumelelayo, okukuvumela ukuba ukonwabele idama lakho elitsha iminyaka emininzi ezayo.